Everything about Written Language totally explained
A
written language is the representation of a
language by means of a
writing system. Written language is an
invention in that it must be taught to children, who will instinctively learn or create
spoken or
gestural languages.
A written language exists only as a complement to a specific spoken or gestural language, and no
natural language is purely written. However,
extinct languages may be in effect purely written when only their writings survive.
Written languages evolve slower than corresponding spoken languages. When one or more
registers of a language comes to be strongly divergent from spoken language, the resulting situation is called
diglossia. However, such diglossia is often considered as one between
literary language and other registers, especially if the
writing system reflects its
pronunciation.
Native readers and writers of English are often unaware that the complexities of English spelling make written English a somewhat artificial construct. The traditional spelling of English, at least for inherited words, preserves a late Middle English phonology that's no one's speech dialect; the artificial preservation of this much earlier form of the language in writing might make much of what we write intelligible to Chaucer, even if we couldn't understand his speech.
Tom McArthur suggests that it's at least arguable that written and spoken English have reached the stage that can be considered
diglossia.
Further Information
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